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Glen Wolfe, Mary Jo Hutchinson, and Dennis Urban model pioneer clothing.
Glen is a docent at the Fearing House in Marietta. He is also the tailor who made his outfit as well as Mary Jo's.
Mary Jo manages the Fearing House and serves as docent.
Dennis serves as a docent at Campus Martius Museum. |
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Glen Wolfe models the attire an upper or middle class business level pioneer. Rufus Putnam may have dressed in a similar fashion. Tri-corner Hat
Neck cloth to protect shirt from "ring-around-the-collar"
Dark linen coat lined with white linen lining
Tight-fitting waistcoat with many buttons
Knee-pants with calf fasteners to hold up stockings
Long stockings with no elastic
Buckled shoes that do not have a left or right. Time and wear would mold the shoes to the "correct" foot.
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Mary Jo Hutchinson wears a typical housewife's garments.
- A white cap to cover the hair
- A calico shawl to cover the shoulders
- A short shift to protect clothing while working around the house
- Not visible - Chemise and drawers (takes the place of underwear. A chemise could double as a nightgown)
- An apron
- Outer calico skirt or petticoat - Open at top of both sides and secured with ties. Very adjustable. One size fits all.
- Not visible - inner calico skirt or petticoat - Open at top of both sides and secured with ties
- Not visible - pockets - secured with ties under both petticoats accessed through gaps in skirt layers.
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Dennis Uban wears a buckskin coat and raccoon hat owned by our speaker, Bill Reynolds.
The coonskin hat is lined with raccoon fur on the inside and around the outer edge. It it topped with a tuft of raccoon fur. The outside of the cap is a durable material.
The coat is deer hide tanned with the deer brains and smoked over an open fire. It is heavy and durable. |
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Detail: Housewife's pocket. Made separately. Secured with ties and worn under the skirts. |
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Detail: Most clothing was secured with ties. |
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Detail: A straight pin secures the scarf around a housewife's neck. |
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Bill Reynolds, Campus Martius Museum historian, spoke on Pioneer Clothing. He presented a slide show, explained customs of the time, and brought clothing samples.
There were several classes or categories of clothing but no one went out with some kind of hat or bonnet.
The most elegant clothing was rarely worn on the frontier. It was saved for special occasions or for church. Men wore coats, pants and stockings of fine linen or silk. Shirts had ruffles at the neck and at the sleeve but no collars. Shirts were oversized and could double as nightshirts. Sleeves, waistcoats, and pant legs closely fitted the arms, chest, and legs. Having a large stomach was a sign of prosperity and tight waistcoats accented the belly. Women's elegant clothing also fitted the arms closely but had voluminous skirts. Sashes could serve to secure the dress close to the body. Shawls were delicate and caps or bonnets decorative.
People working outdoors had much plainer clothes and covered them with protective layers such as the woman's short shift and apron. Men would wear even larger shirts of durable material over their clothing and many wore a kind of chap made of buckskin to protect pant legs. Men who lived father away from settlements often had clothing entirely made of buckskin. Oak leaves could serve as sock inside moccasins.
Businessmen and administrators had less ornamentation at the neck and sleeves. The material was linen or wool. Ministers were even more austere with no ornamentation, a clerical cravat, hidden waistcoats, and black buttons that blended in with the black fabric of their coats |